December mortgage rates forecast

I expect mortgage rates to rise modestly in December, especially toward the end of the month.

As we approach the end of 2021, bond traders will cash out so they can take a few days off without worrying about having to react to abrupt price changes. When the traders sell their mortgage-backed securities just before Christmas, the prices will go down and yields will go up. Mortgage rates will follow yields on that upward trajectory.

In short, I think much of December's rate increase will happen in the last week or so of the year.

Turning to 2022

Then rates are likely to continue trending upward through 2022. Rates will go up for the foreseeable future because inflation will remain elevated, the Federal Reserve will raise short-term interest rates next year, and hiring will remain strong.

Rates are likely to go up enough to notice. In our look ahead to 2022 housing market trends, my colleague Kate Wood and I compiled mortgage-rate predictions from Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the Mortgage Bankers Association and the National Association of Realtors. When their forecasts are aggregated, they call for the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage to rise about three-eighths of a percentage point in 2022.

That would put the 30-year fixed a little under 3.5% toward the end of 2022 in NerdWallet's daily mortgage rate survey.

A year ago, their aggregated forecast was for the average rate on the 30-year fixed to remain essentially unchanged or slightly lower in 2021. Instead, the year's average rate fell more than a quarter of a percentage point — from 3.27% in 2020 to 2.95% through mid-November this year.

What that forecast got correct

I look at that year-ago prediction in two ways. The forecasters were wrong in their aggregated prediction that mortgage rates would stay about the same. But they were right about something more important: that rates, when averaged for the year, wouldn't be higher in 2021 than in 2020.

That prediction wasn't exactly bold, but it wasn't intuitive, either. Mortgage rates were low in 2020, with little room to go down and a lot of room to go up. The COVID-19 recession looked like it was ending, and vaccines were on the way. An economic recovery would tend to push mortgage rates higher.

But mortgage rates didn't move much in 2021 until they turned upward in late September. The forecast is for them to assume an upward trend throughout 2022.

What happened in November

As November dawned, I predicted that inflation would push mortgage rates higher but they wouldn't rise steeply.